Kilimanjaro Altitude Sickness

What is Altitude Sickness?

Altitude sickness, also called Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS), is a condition that can affect people who travel to high elevations, like when Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro. 

This illness usually occurs above 2,400 meters (8,000 feet) when the body struggles to adapt to lower oxygen levels and reduced air pressure. As the air gets thinner, the oxygen available in each breath decreases, making it harder for the body to function normally.

The body tries to cope by increasing your breathing and heart rate and producing more red blood cells, which help carry oxygen. However, these adjustments don’t always work quickly enough, and you might experience symptoms like headaches, nausea, or fatigue. 

In severe cases, altitude sickness can lead to dangerous complications such as High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE) or High-Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE), both of which require immediate medical attention. 

Now, let’s discuss different forms of Kilimanjaro AMS and their symptoms, and plan of action to deal with Kilimanjaro Altitude Sickness Symptoms. 

Mild AMS:

Headache, nausea, fatigue, and a loss of appetite are often the symptoms of Mild AMS. It often feels like a bad hangover.

So, if you experience mild AMS, rest, hydrate, and avoid climbing higher until you feel better. Let your Kilimanjaro Climbing Guide know about your symptoms, and don’t push through the discomfort.

Moderate AMS:

Persistent headaches that don’t improve, dizziness, shortness of breath, and vomiting are some of the signs of Moderate AMS. If symptoms worsen, it’s a sign that your body is not adjusting well to higher Kilimanjaro Altitudes. 

Descending to a lower altitude immediately is the only way out, even if it means cutting your climb short. Medication like ibuprofen may help relieve pain but should not be used to continue climbing.

Severe AMS:

Intense headache, confusion, difficulty walking straight (ataxia), and extreme shortness of breath are some of the conditions that happen when AMS is extreme. 

Severe AMS is life-threatening. Immediate descent is necessary, and medical treatment may be required. If symptoms escalate, evacuation from the mountain, either by stretcher or helicopter, becomes the only way to save a life.

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema (HAPE)

HAPE happens when there is fluid buildup around the lungs caused by high pressure in the lung arteries. It can develop even without severe Kilimanjaro AMS. Some symptoms of HAPE include coughing up blood or mucus, blue lips, extreme fatigue, and difficulty breathing.

If HAPE is suspected, administer oxygen and descend immediately. Evacuation to a medical facility is critical.

High Altitude Cerebral Edema (HACE)

HACE is the most dangerous condition that can happen when Climbing Kilimanjaro and requires immediate medical evaluation. The fluid accumulates around the brain, causing the climber to become confused or irrational.

Some symptoms of HACE include disorientation, hallucinations, severe headache, and inability to walk. In case this happens, the person must be taken to a lower altitude and given oxygen.

Understanding Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro and taking action when symptoms appear can save lives. Always listen to your body, communicate with your guide, and never ignore signs of distress. It’s better to be cautious and descend early than to face dangerous consequences.

Can Altitude Sickness Be Avoided?

When Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, you might wonder if you can avoid altitude sickness. While there’s no guaranteed way to prevent it, there are steps you can take to lower your risk. Your body needs time to adjust to the thinner air and lower oxygen levels. 

By being cautious and following certain guidelines, you can improve your chances of having a safe and successful climb. Some ways to reduce your Climbing Kilimanjaro Altitude Sickness are: 

• Climb Slowly : Take your time ascending. A gradual climb helps your body get used to the altitude and adapt better.
• Hydrate Well : Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Staying hydrated helps your body function well in low-oxygen environments.
• "Hike High, Sleep Low" : Climb to a higher Kilimanjaro Altitude during the day but sleep at a lower elevation. This strategy helps your body adjust more effectively.
• Eat Enough : Make sure to eat balanced meals. Proper nutrition fuels your body and aids acclimatization.
• Avoid Alcohol and Caffeine : These can dehydrate you, making it harder for your body to adapt.
• Listen to Your Body : If you feel symptoms of Kilimanjaro Altitude Sickness, don’t push through. Take rest breaks or descend if necessary.
• Consider Medication : Some climbers use Diamox to speed up acclimatization. Talk to your doctor before using any medication.

Altitude sickness can’t be entirely avoided, but following these steps can reduce the risk. Always put safety first. 

Remember, even the fittest climbers can experience Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro, so it’s important to be prepared and responsive to how your body feels. If symptoms get severe, descending quickly is the best solution.

Acclimatization – The Best Way to Prevent Altitude Sickness

Acclimatization is how your body adjusts to the low oxygen and reduced air pressure you experience at high altitudes. When you’re on a Mount Kilimanjaro Climbing adventure, your body needs time to adapt. 

From the first day of your climb, your body starts making changes to help you cope with the thinner air. These changes are gradual, and taking your time is important to reduce the risk of Kilimanjaro Altitude Sickness.

Below are some of the natural mechanisms that the body uses to acclimatize itself to deteriorating weather conditions: 

• Deeper and Faster Breathing. Your body tries to take in more oxygen by making you breathe faster and deeper.
• Increased Heart Rate. Your heart beats faster at rest to pump more oxygen-rich blood to your organs and muscles.
• More Haemoglobin Production. Haemoglobin, which carries oxygen in your blood, increases to help move more oxygen through your body.
• Higher Erythropoietin Production. Your kidneys release a hormone that helps produce more red blood cells to carry oxygen.
• Reduced Plasma Volume. Your blood thickens as the volume of plasma decreases, which can make dehydration more likely.
• Increased Kidney Function. Your kidneys work harder to remove excess bicarbonate, helping balance the blood’s pH level.

The process of acclimatization takes time, which is why following a slow and steady ascent is vital. The "hike high, sleep low" strategy, where you hike to a higher altitude but sleep at a lower one, helps your body adjust better. Including extra acclimatization days in your climb gives your body more time to adapt and lowers the risk of Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro. 

Some people adapt more easily than others, but there are no shortcuts. Medications like Diamox can support your body's natural acclimatization but should be used under medical advice.

Does Altitude Training Help Acclimatization?

Altitude training is a way to prepare your body for high altitudes like those on Mount Kilimanjaro. It helps you get used to lower oxygen levels before your climb. Athletes often use this training to boost endurance, and climbers use it to pre-acclimate. 

The idea is to make your body adjust to thin air so you’re better prepared for the climb. There are several Kilimanjaro Altitude Training methods people use for altitude training, from special rooms to climbing nearby mountains.

• Simulated Altitude Rooms : These rooms lower oxygen levels, helping your body adjust without leaving sea level.
• Hypoxic Tents : These tents mimic high-altitude air while you sleep, getting your body used to lower oxygen.
• Intermittent Hypoxia Breathing : Breathing low-oxygen air for short times while resting helps your body adapt.
• Climbing High-Altitude Mountains : Hiking mountains like Mount Meru before Kilimanjaro can help your body learn to acclimate.

Altitude training can give you a head start, but it’s not necessary for everyone. Proper pacing, staying hydrated, and following acclimatization steps on the mountain are often enough to manage Altitude Sickness on Kilimanjaro. However, if you can try altitude training, it may help you understand how your body reacts to thin air.

Monitoring Your Health On Kilimanjaro

It's crucial to monitor your health while Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro, particularly in regards to treating altitude sickness. Access to the proper medical equipment and the knowledge of experienced guides are both necessary for staying safe. 

Your guides are trained to respond quickly in the event of an emergency and play a significant role in helping you keep an eye on your health. Let's examine what is required to ensure your safety while climbing the mountain.

Important Things for Monitoring Your Health:

• Trained Guides : Always climb with experienced and certified guides who know how to handle emergencies. They keep you safe and can make life-saving decisions if needed.
• Medical Kits : Your Kilimanjaro Tour Operator should provide medical kits for treating common injuries and illnesses on the mountain.
• Emergency Oxygen : Oxygen tanks are essential if a climber’s oxygen levels drop too low, helping prevent dangerous complications.
• Stretcher : A stretcher is necessary for evacuating someone quickly if their condition worsens and they can’t walk down.
• Pulse Oximeter : This small device checks the oxygen levels in your blood. Guides use it daily to see if you are acclimatizing well.

When booking Kilimanjaro Climbing Packages with us, keep in mind that safety comes first, so heed health advisories and follow your guides' instructions at all times.